Cubism is an art movement that originated in France during the early 20th century. It was pioneered by artists such as Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque, who sought to break away from the traditional techniques of representational art. Cubism is characterized by its use of geometric shapes, fragmented forms, and flattened perspectives.
One of the key features of Cubism is its focus on multiple perspectives. Rather than depicting a subject from a single viewpoint, Cubist artists would represent different viewpoints simultaneously. This technique, known as 'analytical cubism', involved breaking down a subject into its constituent parts and then reassembling them in a two-dimensional space. This resulted in artworks that were highly abstract and challenging for viewers to decipher.
Another aspect of Cubism was its rejection of traditional notions of beauty. Instead of creating idealized representations of their subjects, Cubist artists would distort and fragment them. This technique, known as 'synthetic cubism', involved incorporating real-world objects and materials into artworks. This resulted in a style that was highly experimental and pushed the boundaries of what was considered 'art'.
Examples of Cubist artworks include Picasso's 'Les Demoiselles d'Avignon' and Braque's 'Violin and Candlestick'. These works demonstrate the movement's focus on geometric shapes, multiple perspectives, and fragmentation. Cubism had a significant influence on subsequent art movements, including Futurism, Surrealism, and Abstract Expressionism.
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