The Science of Brain Function
Alzheimer's disease and dementia are two of the most common brain disorders, particularly in the elderly population.
Alzheimer's is a neurodegenerative disease that causes a progressive decline in cognitive function, affecting memory, thinking, and behavior. It is characterized by the accumulation of abnormal protein clumps in the brain, which interfere with the normal functioning of brain cells. These clumps, called amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, disrupt communication between neurons and eventually lead to cell death. As the disease progresses, brain tissue shrinks and the affected individual experiences worsening symptoms. The exact cause of Alzheimer's disease is not yet fully understood, but it is thought to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. There are currently no cures for Alzheimer's disease, but there are treatments available that can help manage symptoms and slow the progression of the disease. These treatments include medications to boost memory and cognition, as well as lifestyle changes such as exercise and a healthy diet.
Dementia is a broader term that encompasses a range of symptoms, including memory loss, difficulty communicating, and personality changes. It can be caused by a variety of factors, including Alzheimer's disease, stroke, and traumatic brain injury. The symptoms of dementia can vary depending on the underlying cause, but they generally involve a decline in cognitive function that interferes with daily activities. Like Alzheimer's disease, there is no cure for dementia, but there are treatments available that can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life. These treatments may include medications, therapy, and lifestyle changes such as increased socialization and physical activity.
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