Developing Learning Outcomes

Developing learning outcomes is a crucial step in the curriculum design process. Learning outcomes are statements that describe what students should be able to know, understand, or do after completing a learning experience. They are specific, measurable, and aligned with the learning goals of the curriculum. Developing clear learning outcomes is important because they provide a framework for designing instruction, selecting learning resources, and assessing student performance.

Focus on Student Learning and Achievement

Learning outcomes should be written in terms of what the student will be able to do, not what the teacher will do. For example, instead of saying 'the teacher will cover the causes of the American Revolution', a learning outcome could be 'students will be able to explain the causes of the American Revolution'. This shift in focus emphasizes the importance of student learning and achievement.

Alignment with Learning Goals

Learning outcomes should also be aligned with the learning goals of the curriculum. The learning goals are the broad statements that describe what students should know and be able to do after completing the curriculum. Learning outcomes should be specific examples of how students will achieve these goals. For example, if the learning goal is 'students will be able to analyze historical events', a learning outcome could be 'students will be able to analyze the causes and effects of World War II'.

Measurability

Finally, learning outcomes should be measurable. This means that they should specify what students will be able to do in a way that can be assessed. Measurable learning outcomes include action verbs such as 'define', 'demonstrate', 'compare', 'analyze', and 'evaluate'. For example, a learning outcome could be 'students will be able to analyze the impact of technology on society by creating a multimedia presentation'.

Developing clear and measurable learning outcomes can help ensure that students are achieving the learning goals of the curriculum. By being specific and measurable, learning outcomes provide a clear target for instruction, assessment, and evaluation.

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