The Science of Genetics
Non-Mendelian Genetics refers to the inheritance patterns that do not follow the classical Mendelian patterns of inheritance. These patterns of inheritance are characterized by the presence of multiple alleles, incomplete dominance, codominance, and gene linkage.
Multiple alleles refer to the existence of more than two alleles for a particular gene. An example of this is the ABO blood group system in humans. The system has three alleles: A, B, and O.
Incomplete dominance occurs when the heterozygous phenotype is intermediate between the two homozygous phenotypes. An example of this is snapdragon flowers. If a red-flowered plant is crossed with a white-flowered plant, the offspring will have pink flowers.
Codominance occurs when both alleles are expressed equally in the heterozygous condition. An example of this is the AB blood group in humans. If a person has both A and B alleles, both will be expressed equally, resulting in the AB blood group.
Gene linkage refers to the tendency of certain genes to be inherited together because they are located on the same chromosome. This can disrupt the expected Mendelian ratios of inheritance, as certain traits will be inherited together more often than not.
Overall, Non-Mendelian Genetics adds complexity to the simple rules of classical Mendelian Genetics, but also provides a more nuanced understanding of how traits are inherited.
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