Introduction to Social and Emotional Learning
Social and emotional learning (SEL) is the process through which individuals acquire and apply the knowledge, attitudes, and skills necessary to understand and manage emotions, set and achieve positive goals, feel and show empathy for others, establish and maintain positive relationships, and make responsible decisions. SEL is rooted in the belief that emotions and learning are intertwined, and that learning is most effective when it is connected to the social and emotional context in which it occurs.
SEL is not a separate subject, but rather a framework that can be integrated into existing curricula and educational programs. It encompasses a range of skills and competencies, including:
These skills are essential for success in school, work, and life, and are increasingly recognized as important factors in promoting academic achievement, reducing risky behavior, and improving mental health and well-being.
For example, self-awareness is the ability to understand one's own emotions, thoughts, and values, and how they influence behavior. A student who is self-aware might recognize that they tend to get anxious before a test, and develop strategies to manage their anxiety, such as taking deep breaths or visualizing success.
Self-regulation is the ability to manage one's own emotions and behaviors in different situations. A student who is self-regulated might be able to resist the urge to check their phone during class, and instead focus on the lesson.
Social awareness is the ability to understand and empathize with others, and to appreciate diversity. A student who is socially aware might recognize when a classmate is feeling left out, and invite them to join a group activity.
Relationship skills are the ability to communicate effectively, build and maintain positive relationships, and work cooperatively with others. A student who has strong relationship skills might be able to resolve conflicts with peers, and collaborate effectively on group projects.
Finally, responsible decision-making is the ability to make ethical, constructive choices about personal behavior and social interactions. A student who is skilled in responsible decision-making might choose to speak up when they see a classmate being bullied, or avoid engaging in risky behaviors such as drug use or unsafe sex.
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