The Business of Hollywood
The Studio System is a way of organizing the film industry that emerged in the early 20th century, and was characterized by a small number of major studios that controlled the production, distribution, and exhibition of their films. Under this system, the major studios were vertically integrated, meaning that they owned everything from the production facilities to the theaters where their films were shown, and even the talent that worked on the films. This gave them unprecedented control over the entire filmmaking process and allowed them to dominate the industry for several decades.
One of the key features of the studio system was the star system, where actors were contracted to work exclusively for a particular studio. The studios carefully crafted the public image of their stars and used them to promote their films.
The studio system also led to the development of genres, such as the western, musical, and film noir, which helped to establish a recognizable brand for each studio.
The studio system began to decline in the 1940s and 1950s, due to factors such as antitrust legislation, the rise of television, and changing audience tastes. Today, the major studios still exist, but they no longer have the same level of control over the industry that they once did. Independent filmmakers and smaller studios have emerged, and the rise of streaming services has disrupted the traditional distribution model. However, the legacy of the studio system can still be seen in the way that Hollywood operates today.
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