World War II: The Holocaust
The anti-Jewish legislation and persecution during World War II were central to the Holocaust. The Nazi regime enacted laws that restricted the rights of Jewish citizens, excluded them from the economy, and restricted their freedom of movement. The Nuremberg Laws of 1935 separated Jews from non-Jews, stripping German Jews of their citizenship and denying them the right to marry non-Jews.
As the war progressed, the Nazis implemented more extreme measures, including the establishment of ghettos and concentration camps. Jews were forced to live in overcrowded areas and were subject to inhumane living conditions. The ghettos served as a temporary measure until the concentration camps were established. Concentration camps were intended to imprison and eliminate Jews, as well as other groups deemed undesirable by the Nazi regime, such as homosexuals, disabled individuals, and political dissidents.
Persecution of Jews was not limited to Germany and areas under Nazi occupation. Many countries, including the United States, imposed immigration quotas that prevented Jewish refugees from escaping the persecution. In some cases, countries even sent refugees back to Europe, where they were ultimately killed.
The anti-Jewish legislation and persecution culminated in the implementation of the Final Solution, the systematic extermination of Jews throughout Europe. The Nazis established extermination camps, such as Auschwitz-Birkenau, where Jews were gassed and cremated in vast numbers. It is estimated that six million Jews were killed during the Holocaust.
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