World War I: Trench Warfare
World War I, also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global conflict that lasted from 1914 to 1918. It involved the majority of the world's countries, including all of the great powers, organized into two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Central Powers. The war was triggered by the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary by a Serbian nationalist in 1914, and it quickly spread across Europe.
The war was characterized by trench warfare, a form of combat in which opposing armies dug trenches and fought from them. Trench warfare was particularly brutal because it involved soldiers living in squalid conditions, exposed to disease, vermin, and the constant threat of enemy attack. The trenches were often filled with mud and water, and soldiers had to contend with the harsh weather conditions of the Western Front.
World War I was one of the deadliest conflicts in history, with an estimated 9 million soldiers and 7 million civilians losing their lives. It had a profound impact on the world, leading to the collapse of empires, the redrawing of national boundaries, and the rise of new political ideologies such as communism and fascism. The war also paved the way for World War II, which would break out just two decades later.
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