Ancient Greece: Philosophy and Mythology
Plato was a philosopher in ancient Greece, who was a student of Socrates and the teacher of Aristotle. He is most famous for his works, which are written in the form of dialogues between different characters. Two of his most famous dialogues are The Republic and The Symposium.
The Republic is a work of political philosophy, in which Plato explores the nature of justice and the ideal society. The dialogue takes place between Socrates and several other characters, who debate what justice is, and what kind of society is most just. Plato argues that the most just society is one in which each person performs the role that they are best suited for, and that there should be a ruling class of philosopher-kings, who use their wisdom to govern justly.
The Symposium is a work of literature, in which several characters give speeches about love and desire at a dinner party. The most famous speech is given by Socrates, who recounts a conversation he had with a wise woman named Diotima. She teaches him that love is not just the desire for physical beauty, but the desire for the eternal and the divine. Socrates uses this teaching to argue that philosophy is the pursuit of wisdom and the divine, and that love is the desire for these things.
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