The Science of Nutrition
Vitamins and minerals are both essential nutrients that play crucial roles in maintaining good health. Vitamins are organic compounds, meaning they contain carbon, and are required in small amounts to help regulate various processes in the body. Minerals are inorganic substances, meaning they do not contain carbon, and are needed in larger amounts to help build and maintain strong bones, teeth, and other bodily tissues.
There are 13 vitamins that are essential for human health, including:
Each vitamin has a specific role in the body, and deficiencies can lead to a variety of health problems. For example, a deficiency in vitamin C can lead to scurvy, a disease characterized by bleeding gums and fatigue.
Minerals are classified as either macrominerals or trace minerals. Macrominerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, and potassium, are needed in larger amounts and play important roles in bone health, muscle function, and fluid balance. Trace minerals, such as iron, zinc, and copper, are needed in smaller amounts and are important for immune function, wound healing, and other processes.
Overall, it is important to eat a balanced diet that includes a variety of nutrient-dense foods to ensure adequate intake of vitamins and minerals. Supplements may be necessary for individuals who have difficulty meeting their nutrient needs through diet alone.
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